高一语法(一) 定语从句
定义:★在复合句顶用来润色名词或代词(那个名词或代词在英语中喊 先行词)的从句喊 定语从句.
定语从句常见的引导词是:that, which who, whom, whose, when, where, why
及.as九个
定语从句必需从 ①先行词,②成份 ,③引导词 三要素动手
引导词在定语从句做宾语时能够省略
★ what不克不及引导定语从句 / sth that =what all that =what
当第一要素"先行词"是指代物的名词或代词时,其后的定语从句的引导词用that 或which在定语从句中做主语或宾语
e.g. A plane is a machine (that / which can fly.)
物 ↘ 做从句中的主语
The noodles (that / which I cooked )were delicious.
物 ↘ 做从句中的宾语(可省略)
当第一要素先行词是指代人的名词或代词时,用that 或 who在定语从句中做主语,用that /who/whom 在定语从句中取代宾语
e.g. The foreigner( that/who visited our school yesterday) is from Canada.
↘做从句中的主语
The girl (that/who/whom you saw yesterday) is Jim's sister.
↘做从句中的宾语(能够省略)
关于定语从句中能够做介词宾语的引导词
只要引导词which ,whom才可在定语从句中间接跟在某一阕词的后面做宾语.
e.g. The athlete( to whom you talked) is a famous runner.
↘介词 ↘只用whom不消who 代人athlete
This is the room( in (介词) which he lived 3 years ago.) (此中in which 能够用where换,)
★但介词也可留在原词组中,上句也可如下表达 :
The athlete (that/who/whom you talked to )is a famous runner.
This is a room (that/which he lived in 3 years ago.)
注:常见的不成分拆的词组有:take care of , look after, look for, catch up with, keep up with
look out for ,catch sight of etc.
当第一要素先行词是指人或物的名词或代词,在定语从句中润色此外名词时都用whose 来取代人或物,意为"他(们)的,或它(们)的"在从句中做定语.
e.g. This is a door (whose color is brown).
↘取代了"门的 "润色color 在从句中做定语
Harry is the boy( whose mother is our maths teacher.)
/ Harry is the boy, the mother of whom is our maths teacher .
↘ 取代"男孩的" 润色mother 在从句中做定语
/Harry is the boy ,of whom the mother is our maths teacher.
稍难例句
The child was saved by a man ,the name of whom/whose name/of whom the name was unknown.
There are 54 students in our class, 25 of whom are girls /相当 于 of whom 25 are girls.
The Greens have two daughters, both of whom /of whom both are college students.
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days./ /相当 于/the sailing time of which was226days
或 226days of which was the sailing time./
重视 以下句子: (多样化例句)
The beggar has no money with which he can buy food .
/The beggar has no money which /that he can buy food with .
The beggar has no money with which to buy food.( 引导词后间接跟了不定式短语)
/The beggar has no money to buy food with
The peasants built some stores in which to store their grain. (能够模仿 以上例句触类旁通)
★在有些定语从句中常只能用that引导定语从句,而不克不及用who/whom/which与它互换.
当第一要素先行词中既有人又有物时
e.g. I still remember the school and the teachers (that he mentioned yesterday.)
当第一要素先行词是指物的不定代词 如anything , all , everything, much, something. (sth that =what all that =what)
e.g. All (that /can be done) has been done(能做的一切都做了)
/What can be done has been done
I can do all (that )/what I can║ to help you.
that可省因为它在定语从句中做宾语
Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be
/Jack is no longer what he used to be .
Shanghai is no loner what it used to be
/Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. .
当第一要素先行词中带有the only, the very 润色物时
e.g. He was the only person( that knew about the secret.)
4. 当第一要素先行词中有序数词或描述词的更高级时
e.g. This is the first book〔 (that) I have bought.〕
This is the best film (that )I have ever seen
5. 以疑问词who, which 开头的疑问句为制止反复
Who is the boy( that is talking to our headmaster )
Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this
一般只能用who的搭配anyone who , he who, anybody who,
Anyone who /He who /Whoever doesn't reach the great wall is not a true man.
★ 重视 下句的先行词和主句的谓语单复数
He is the only one of the teachers who /that knows French in our school.
He is one of the teachers who/that know French in our school.
当第一要素先行词是指时间的名词时,其后的定语从句的引导词一般用when,在定语从句中做时间状语.
e.g. I still remember the day ( when I first came to Beijing.)
↘表时间的名词 ↘做从句中的状语"在那天"
当第一要素先行词是指地点的名词时,其后的定语从句的引导词一般用where在定语从句中做地点状语.
e.g. The factory (where his father works )is in the west of the city.
↘表地点的名词 ↘做从句中状语"在那家工场"
★ ★ case ,point situation ,scene 等是表达 地点的笼统名词,其后的定语从句经常 用where引导
当第一要素先行词是reason 时,其后的定语从句的引导词一般用why (the reason why) 在定语从句中做原因状语.
e.g. There are several reasons( why we can't do that).
★**但并不是看到先行词是指时间或地点的名词及reason 时,就立即 用引导词when ,where or why ,要看在定语从句中贫乏了什么成份,假设 第一要素"先行词"确实是时间或地点的名词及reason,就立即 阐发第二要素"成份",假设 定语从句中贫乏了成份主语或宾语,那时只能把先行词第一要素时间或地点的名词及reason,看做指物的名词,然后抉择 第三要素"引导词"用that/which 而不克不及如例句"五,六, 七"顶用when ,where, or why .
e.g. I still remember the day (that/which we spent (渡过) together ) last summer.
↘表时间的名词 ↘在定语从句中做spent的宾语故不消when
The factory (that / which we visited last week) is my father's.
↘表地点的名词 ↘ 在定语从句中做visit 的宾语,故不消where
The reason (that /which was given by him) was right.
↘表原因 ↘在定语从句中做主语,故不消why
***还要重视 典句 The reason is that ………是表语从句
eg. The reason is that he has difficulty in learning English .
The reason (why he is late for school) is that he missed the early train.
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★★以上所举例子全数为限造性定语从句,主从句之间无逗号分隔,因而,假设 主从句之间有逗号离隔,后面的从句即被称为非限造性定语从句.引导词that是永久不会呈现在非限造性定语从句中.
e.g. Dinner starts with a small fish, which (不消that) is called a starter .
Yesterday I met LiPing , who(不消that) look very tired.
十.引导词As 引导的定语从句常在such ….as, the same …as , as…as构造中 ,as在定语从句做主语或宾语.
Such a boy (as you referred to just now) is too curious.
I have the same reference book ( as was described in the lecture .)
I have as many books〔 as you (have) 〕
区别下列两组句子.
This is the same book( as he bought yesterday .) ( 统一册书)
This is the same book( that he bought yesterday.)( 统一本书)
He is such a lovely boy as we all like. (定语从句中做like 的 宾语)
He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.( 成果状语从句
十一,★ As 也能够引导非限造性定语从句. 但要区别which引导非限造性定语从句.
As 引导非限造性定语从句,能够放在句首,或句中, 谓语常是 expect, know, hope , realize ,see, understand
Eg. He stands out of the crowd in music, as everybody can see.
= As everybody can see, he stands out of the crowd in music
2. As 引导非限造性定语从句,不消于否认句.而which能够.
Eg. He took the first place, which we didn't expect.
which引导非限造性定语从句只能放在句中,且主从句之间常有因果关系.
Eg. You saved my life, which I will never forget.
↘ 因 ↘果
十 二,★重视 先行词way ,time后的定语从句
领先行词是way意为"体例, 办法"时,引导定语从句的关系词有三种形式.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way in which/that / 不填 he said it.
重视 下面两个句子中关系词的差别,试比力
The way in which/that /不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我们阐明 句子的那种办法不难理解.
The way ( that /which /不填 ) (he explained ∧to us was quite simple.(做explained的宾语)
他向我们阐明 的那种办法很简单.
先行词是time时,若time 是"次数"时, 利用 关系代词that引导定语从句,that可省略;若time做"一段时间"讲时,利用 关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句.如:
This is the second time (that) the president has visited the country.(表第几次时,必需用完成时)
I could hardly remember how many times (that) I've failed.
This was at a time when/during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
Attributive clauses 定语从句 综合一练)(2007/9/20)
★定语从句的填补 阐明 :
Which仅表达 "那件事,那(个/点)"等,相当 于and that 或and this;
as 表达 "正如/正象/那一点..."等as常引导必定的非限造性定语从句.
否认的非限造性定语从句则用which.
鄙人列一些固定构造中,用as不消which:
As we (all) know, as is well known, (寡所周知)as we (all) can see, as you say,
as is said/mentioned above, as you may have heard, as you may remember,
as is often the case,(情状 经常如斯) as often happens 等.
★重视 以下例句:
Eg: 1. He failed to keep his promise , which
disappointed me
and that
2.He has a lot of magazines ,some of which
are about sports.
and some of them
3.There are fifty students in the class ,three-fifths of whom
are girls.
and three-fifths of them
★若何区别定语从句和强调句
1. 强调句型 It is +被强调部门(人)that/who+其他……
强调句型 It is +被强调部门(物)that …+其他
当强调名词时,重视 勿与定语从句稠浊 .如
★It was in the company that my father worked in for ten years.(定语从句)
that /which my father worked for ten years.(强调句)
★----where did you have the shampoo
----- It was in the barber's shop (that /which you recommended to me. (定语从句) )(that I had the shampoo.) (强调句)(此句经常 省略的)
that I had a shampoo and set. (强调句)
It /this is the first time that I have visited Scotland. (定语从句)
★
It was for the first time that I visited Scotland. (强调句)
那些定语从句中,that在从句部门担任成分.假设 往 掉it is ….that ….,句子构造就不完全 了.而在强调句中,假设 往 掉it is ….that/who …那个架子.,只需要把语序稍加调整,句子构造仍是完全 的.
★★特殊 重视 难句
带有定语从句的强调句型"It is +被强调的名词+润色该名词的定语从句+that/who引导的强调句+其他部门".如
It was in that barber's shop( which/ that was managed by Coney)that I met the pop star.
It is always the mouth( which talks too much ) that causes troubles.
It is only a man who has seen much of the world that can be a leader.
------When did he have a traffic accident
-----It was in 2005 when he was in college. that he had a traffic accident (此句经常 省略的)
高一英语所有的语法...look up 昂首向上看
look up to sb尊崇某人 look down on 不放在眼里
a well-dressed lady 一位穿戴讲究的密斯
glance at 瞥一眼
greet sb with a smile 用浅笑打招唤
a senior employee资深的员工
be senior to 比…年长的，资深的
prefer sth to sth 喜好….不喜好…..
prefer doing a to doing b喜好做a不喜好做b
prefer to do a rather than do b甘愿做a而不肯做b
the way +that 做….的体例，办法
+in which
+ /
more than 超越，不但是，经常
more than speaking and listening 不但是
gesture 手势
expression 脸色
expression on your face 你的脸部脸色
appearance 表面，外表
appear 呈现，似乎 disappear消逝
It appears that….. 似乎，似乎
communicate with sb 交换
communicate sth to sb 把（信息，动静）传递给某人
keep up/lose communication with sb 与某人连结/失往 联络
leave/make/ give sb a good impression leave/make /give a good impression on sb 给某人留下很好的印象
make sb feel+ adj. 是某人觉得….
decide to do sth 决定做某事
decide on sth= choose 抉择
for assistance 为了得到搀扶帮助
improve 进步
smile at sb 像某人浅笑
enter the classroom 走进教室
enter for 报名参与
it seems to work 那似乎 起感化了
without hesitation 当机立断
hesitate to do sth 踌躇做某事，不情愿 做某事
remark 评论 downwards 向下的
sigh for sth 为…..叹气
remind sb to do sth /remind sb of sth /remind sb +从句 提醒某人（做）某事
throughout the history of mankind 在人类汗青上
in many situation 在许多情状 下
the key to sth ….的关键
signal （n）信号 ，（v）示意,表达
hostility 敌意
confusion 猜疑
in western culture 在西方文化里
maintain eye contact 连结眼神交换
contact v. n. 交往，联络
keep contact with sb 与某人获得联络
lose contact with sb 与某人失往 联络
avoid doing 制止做某事
in authority 掌权
as a matter of fact =in fact 事实上
for instance =for example 好比
concentration 专注
concentrate（v.） on sth 集中时间做某事
subtle 微妙的，细微的
consider sth as sth 把…看做…
be considered (as) sth 认为，看做
consider doing sth 考虑做某事
stare at 盯着
be rude to sb = be impolite to sb 不礼貌
boredom 无聊
lack(n.) of sth贫乏
lack(v.) sth
respect v. n. 尊崇
lead to =result in=give rise to招致
lead to this road 通向那条路
unit 2
call on sb =drop in on sb 拜见 某人
call at some place =drop in at some place拜见 某地
care for your hair 看管 你的头发
hairstyle 发型
suit sb 合适某人
guarantee to do sth 包管做某事
guarantee sth to sb 向某人包管
be /feel on top of the world 觉得兴高摘 烈
get advice from expert 从专家那得到定见
curl 卷发
angle 棱角
keep healthy 连结安康
eat a balanced diet 食 平衡的饮食
plenty of 许多，大量
in addition 别的
look after = take care of 赐顾帮衬
shampoo 洗发剂
it is adj. for sb to do sth
it is adj. of sb to do sth
effective 有效的
conditioner 护发素
apply 利用
apply to 利用，申请，涂
apply to the company for the position 向公司申请某个职位
squeeze out 挤出
damage(v) sth 损害某物
do damage(n) to sth
loosen 使松
dirt 尘埃
comb n. v. 梳子 梳头发
hairdryer 吹风机
wash out 洗掉
at least 至少
remember to do sth 记得要往 做某事（没做）
remember doing sth 记得做过某事（做了）
overuse 过度利用
suggest doing sth 定见 做某事
make / put forward a suggestion 提出定见
normal 一般的
wet (v)把….弄湿 Some people…..while others……一些人….然而另一些人…..
bald 秃顶
as a result of 因为
a result of …..的成果
ensure 确保，包管
pay attention to sth/to doing sth 重视
protein 卵白量
adequate 足够的
eight to ten glasses of water 饮 8-10 杯水
keep sth from doing sthe 制止
rob sb of sth 夺 了某人的工具
steal sth from sb 偷了某人的工具
shiny 闪亮的
remedy for …..的疗法
rinse your hair 冲刷掉你的头发
help sb/sth do 搀扶帮助 做某事
regularly 经常的
be sure to 务必，确保
the key to sth …..的关键
dairy product 乳成品
stress 精神压力
rub your hair 搓你的头发
Unit 3
places of interests = tourist attraction旅游景点
the Great Wall 长城
be interested in 对….有兴致
show interest in
interests 利益
twist and turn 盘曲 盘曲（v.）
twist the truth 扭曲事实
turn down 回绝
turn up 呈现
turn out 成果是
turn to 乞助于
turn over移交
mountain chains 山脉
construction of sth ….的建造
be under construction 在建立中
take shape 成型
be designed by 被谁设想
complete 完成
completion
magnificent壮丽的，宏伟 的
from a distance 从远处看
structure 建筑物
base 底座
include 包罗---exclude 不包罗
gallery （艺术品）展览馆
bronze ware 青铜器
sculpture 雕塑
calligraphy 书法
seal 印章
furniture 家具
it takes+一段时间for sb to do sth 做什么工作破费某人几时间
historical 有关汗青的
historic 汗青性的
preserve the buildings 保留，庇护那些大楼
preservation 庇护区
be admitted to some places被容许 进进
admit to doing sth 认可做某事
scenery 光景
landscape，光景，山川
landscape painting 山川画 odd 离奇的，奇数
reflection 倒影，深思
the remains of sth ….的遗迹
ancient temple 古老的寺院
be the pride of sth 是…..的骄傲
be proud of =take pride in 对…..感应骄傲
abandon v. n. 舍弃
access（n） to sth 抵达，有….的权力
access(v) some places
fall of the roman empire 罗马帝国的式微
stadium 竞技场
fall into ruin 成为废墟
hold more than 5000 people 包容超越五千人
wonder 奇观
tomb 坟墓
overlook 俯瞰
sit in the stands 坐在看台上
civilization 文明
be made of 有…..造成(看得到素材 )
be made from 有…..造成（看不见素材 ）
be attracted by 被…吸引
unit4
surprise n. vt.惊异 ，食 惊
to one’s surprise令人骇怪 的
be surprised to do sth食 惊的做某事
studio studios演播室
film v. n.拍摄，片子
director导演
contestant合作者
contest v. n.合作，角逐
contest with=compete with合作
a speech contest 演讲角逐
whisper 低语
whisper to sb向某人低语
on the stage在舞台上
faint adj v. n. 微弱的，晕倒，昏厥
a faint hope 渺茫的期看
faint with 因…..而晕倒
in a dead faint 昏迷不醒
gasp 喘着气说
gasp out 气喘吁吁地说出
off the stage 下舞台
raise one’s hand 举起某人的手
rush forward 冲向
powder one’s face 在脸上抹粉
comb one’s hair 梳头发
make-up artist 化装师
cue sb 给某人提醒
clap鼓掌
boom 消沉地说
terrific 极好的
be ahead of 领先
tense 严重的
sit on the edge of one’s seat 坐在座位的边沿
chew one’s fingernails 要手指甲
keep still 静行不动
make sb up 化装
make up one’s mind 下定决心做某事
make up sth 编造
make up for 填补
a bag of nerves 一根神经严重的人
cameraman 摄影师
seat v. 使坐下
quiz 智力竞赛
trend 趋向
entertainment technology 娱乐科技
feel like + n/adj. 觉得就像
feel like sth /doing 想要什么，想要做什么
imax dome theatre 3D片子院
the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum
上海科技馆
surround 围绕
surroundings 情况
audience 看 寡
achieve a similar effect 到达类似的效果
flat-screen宽屏
be suspended on the wall被悬挂在墙上
digital technology 数字科技
be arranged round the viewers被安放 围绕着看 寡
arrange安放
be introduced in 被引进
high- quality music 高量量音乐
no longer 不再
record v n 笔录
cassette磁带
stereo立体声的
beat sb 战胜某人
Unit 5
vegetarian 素食者
vegetable 素食
mixed grill 烤什锦
pork chops 猪排
steak 牛排
sausage 香肠
sound good to sb 听起来很好
sound +adj.听起来….
nor more 不再
the program on tv 电视节目
be influenced by 被…..影响
have an influence on = have an effect on
对….影响
on space 在太空
become an astronaut 成为宇航员
industry 工业
industrialization 工业化
spend time on sth 在……花时间
spend time in doing sth
in tiny spaces 在狭隘 的空间里
get sick 生病
by the way 趁便说一下
ought to 应该
instead of= in place of 替代
it contains vitamins and minerals 它包罗维生素和矿物量
pesticide 农药
be healthy for sb 有助于安康
the best source of energy 能量做好的来源
be full of energy = energetic
the importance of sth …..的重要性.
a variety of sth.多种多样的
advise doing 定见 做某事=suggest doing
advise sb (not ) to do 定见 (不)要做某事
advise on sth 定见 某事
a balanced diet 营养平衡的食物
warn sb of sth警告某人某事
warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事
warn sb that从句
lack of (v.)贫乏
a lack of (n.)
especially 出格 是，特殊 是 risk doing (v.) 冒险做某事
run the risk of doing sth
at the risk (n.)of= at the cost of 以 ….为代价
decide on 选定=choose
decide to do sth 决定做某事
tell from 区别
on one hand / on the other hand
在一方面，在另一方面
Crowd 聚集=gather together
Crowded 拥挤的
Pepper 胡椒粉
Grow种植
Cattle牛群appetite胃口
Cheeseburger干奶酪汉堡包
Milkshake奶昔
Increase增加
Heart attack心脏病
Intelligent 伶俐的
Unit 6
agriculture 农业
farming务农
farm v. 务农，饲养
natural 天然的
grow plants in soil 在土里种植动物
sources of …..的来源
zone 地域
nourish v. 滋养
nourishment n.滋养
mixture混合物fertilizer肥料
make the best use of 足够 操纵
experimental research on 关于..的尝试性尝试
facility 场合
involve 包罗
profitable盈利的
chemical化学品
technique科技
prove to 证明
used to do过往 经常
get/be used to doing习惯于
economic benefits经济利益
appear amazed to do 看似很骇怪 做某事
It appears that 恰似
appear to do 似乎 要做某事
backward 落后的
high-tech高科技的
many forms of 许多形式
cancer癌症
health problems安康问题
as common as像…..一样通俗
account for 阐明 ，阐明
in moderation 适中
in contrast to 比拟之下
stay healthy连结安康
in comparison 与…..比拟
be aware of 意识到
experience （v）禁受
fortunately 幸运的
weight 重量
高一英语语法大全
高一英语语法是进修整个高中英语语法的起头，也关系到整个高中英语语法的根底好坏，那么高一英语语法有哪些内容呢?下面由我为各人整理的高一英语语法大全，期看 对各人有所搀扶帮助 !
高一英语语法大全
虚拟语气在各类从句的利用
主语从句的虚拟
1. It is + adj. + that sb. (should) do
常见的描述词有：necessary, important, strange, natural
It's important that he take my advice.
2. It is + n. + that sb. (should) do
常见的名词有：a pity, a shame, no wonder, one's wish
It's a pity that he be so silly.
3. It is + done + that sb. (should) do
常见的过往 分词有：suggested, advised, demanded, requested, required, asked, ordered,
proposed, decided, desired, insisted等。
It's requested that she go home as soon as possible.
宾语从句的虚拟
1. 表号令，表定见 ，表要求的动词，后接宾语从句虚拟。虚拟的构成为(should) do。
I advise that he stay at home.
2. wish后接从句，虚拟的构成是往过往 推一个时态。
I wish I had watched the football match last night.
重视 以下几组词或短语用于虚拟语气中。
1. as if, as though
He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.
2. otherwise, but, even though
He was ill. Otherwise he would have been there.
3. with, without, but for
Without your help, I would have died two years ago.
But for your help, I would have died two years ago.
4. would rather I'd rather you told me yourself.
5. It's time that
It's time that you went to bed.
It's time that you should go to bed.
表语从句中的虚拟
在表语从句中，表达 间接的号令，要求、恳求、定见 、决定等，主句中的主语凡是是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
名词从句部门
1. that不成省略的情状
2. that引导同位语从句和that引导定语从句的区别：同位语从句中的that是连词，不做成分，只毗连主从句，不克不及省略;定语从句中的that要取代先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语，而且做宾语时能够省略。从语义上看，同位语从句是对前面名词的阐明 、阐明 或内容;而定语从句时对前面名词的限制。
We should consider the students’request that the school library provide more books on
popular science. (that引导同位语从句)
The only hope that he expressed was that they would do what they could to help the people
in disaster areas. (that引导定语从句)
3. 要根据 句子构造出格 是谓语动词揣度 从句的类型：
What is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一个主语从句和一个表语从句，主句的动词为is。
It is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一个主语从句，主句的动词为is known to。
As is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一个定语从句，主句的动词为took place，as引导非限造性定语从句。
4. 名词性从句的语序和语态。
名词性从句均利用 陈说语序，不克不及用疑问语序，当时态应该和主句时态连结一致。
5. 名词性从句中连词的省略。
介词后的连词以及引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不成省略。that引导名词从句(除了引导第一个宾语从句可省略外)都不成省略，但是引导定语从句并在从句中做宾语时能够省略。
that不克不及省略的情状 ：
1)介词后面的that不克不及省略：
Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.
2)当that引导的宾语从句位于句首时：
That he ever did such a thing I don’t believe.
3)主句谓语动词和that从句之间有插进 语，that不省略：
She said that, if she failed, she would try again.
4)当宾语从句有其他隶属连词时，that不省略：
He told me that if it was necessary they would work extra time.
6.名词性从句中it的利用：
为了连结句子平衡，大都情状 下，it做形式主语或形式宾语，将实正的主语或宾语从句后置。
定语从句
关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。
(1)that指物时一般可与which互换，但鄙人列情状 下，要用that而不消which。
a. 先行词有all, everything等不定代词时，如，
Everything (that) he did is wrong.
b. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等润色时，如，
I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.
c. 先行词被序数词或描述词更高级润色时，
This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.
d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last润色时，如
He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.
e. 只用which的情状
在介词后或在非限制性定语从句中
This is the book about which we have talked a lot.
The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.
f. where和when做关系副词
This is the room where I worked.
This is the room which I stayed in.
I remembered the day when we lived there.
I remembered the day that I spent there.
g. as和which
as 能够放于句首，而which 不成以
As you know, he is good at English.
three of them 和three of which
I have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.
I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.
(2. )“介词+关系代词”的情状 ：
在固定短语中介词不克不及提早;揣度 介词的口诀：左顾右盼看意义
瞻前——看先行词;顾后——找从句动词;看意义——看全句表达含义
(3. )先行词在从句中充任地点状语时，关系词用where 或者介词加which;先行词在从句中充任时间状语时，关系词用when或者介词加which;先行词在从句中充任原因状语时，关系词用why或者for which。
(4. )重视 as和which在非限造性定语从句中代表主句所表达的内容的区别：
位置差别：as从句放在主句前或后均可;而which从句只能放在主句后
感化差别：as从句动词经常 是see \know等，因而相当 于插进 语;which从句则在陈说一件事实。
状语从句部门
1.while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表达 “虽然”。
2. no matter wh- 与wh-ever 的联络及区别：no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh-不克不及。
No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.
3. 在前提，时间和让步从句中，用一般如今时表达 一般未来时，用如今完成时表未来完成时，
用一般过往 时表过往 未来时。在since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过往 时，而主句常用如今完成时。
4. 状语从句的倒拆一般有下面几种情状 ：①否认词开头;②so 加adj. 开头;③as /
though引导的让步状语从句。
5. 连词before小结：
We had sailed four days before we saw land. (……才)
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (不到……就)
Please write it down before you forget it. (趁……)
Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. (还没来得及)
It will be/was…before…要过多久才……
6. because, since, as 引导原因从句的区别：because表达间接原因，语气最强，答复why;
since凡是放句首，译为“既然”;as引导不谈自明的原因，语气最弱;
7. as能够引导多种从句，要重视 此中的区别。
8. till, until和not…until的区别;if和unless的区别。
非谓语动词部门
动词不定式几点重视 。
1.下列动词或动词短语后接不定式：agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay,
expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to,
would like to等。
2. 不定式常用的句型：too…to do (太……而不克不及), …enough to do…(够……就能
……), so as to do/in order to do(为了……)，so…as to do/such…as to do(如
此……成果……)。
3. 不定式的三个构造：即否认构造、复合构造和疑问构造。
否认构造为“not (never) to do”;疑问构造是特殊 疑问词“how (what, which, who, whether…) to do”;复合构造是“for/ of +名词(或代词宾格)+ to do ”。
4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listen to/ look at/ watch/feel
那些动词带不定式做宾补时，免却to, 若那些动词以被动形式呈现时，应加上to。
5. 当前面是the first, the second, the last, need, plan, time, chance, right,determination,
ability, opportunity(时机)，way时，一般用不定式做定语。
6. but/ except + to do/ do 构造，要根据 谓语动词来确定其后面的形式。当谓语动词是do,
does, did时，but后用动词原形;谓语动词是其他动词时，but后用“to + 动词原形”的形式。
7. 描述词后一般用不定式(除busy, worth 两个外)。
You are sure to succeed. 你必然能胜利。
He is busy preparing his lessons at present. 他如今正忙于预习功课。
8. 不定式做定语和表语时，有时需要在后面放上一个恰当的介词。
This is a bench to sit on.(那是用来坐的凳子。)
This room is comfortable to live in. (那个房间住起来很温馨。)
9. 在“主语+系动词+adj.+不定式”那个句型中，当主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式不消被动，不克不及在动词后再放宾语。
The question is easy to answer. (question是answer的宾语，不克不及说：The question is easy to be answered. 也不克不及说：The question is easy to answer it .)
包罗高中英语全数语法的13个句型
1. as 句型
(1) as引导体例状语从句句型：“根据……;正如……”
例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你们国度一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2) as+描述词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ; 否认式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一样是位优良 的运发动。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如斯……以致于……
例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一个如斯的一个笨伯以致相信 了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如斯……以致于……
例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如斯的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他期看 成为一个像雷锋如许的人。
(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是畴前的那样子了。
(7) as 引导非限造性定语从句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
寡所周知，常识就是力量。
(8)引导时间状语从句，与while意义附近
例：We get wiser as we get older.
跟着我们长大，我们也变得越来越伶俐。
(9) 引导原因状语从句，与 because的用法附近
例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。
(10) 引导让步状语从句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
虽然他是一个小孩，但他对科学领会得良多。
2. prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home.
我甘愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜好打防卫。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你情愿 我留下来吗?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth… 甘愿…...而不肯...
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我甘愿呆在家里而不肯出往 .
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜好看篮球，不喜好打篮球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3. when 句型
(1) was/were doing sth...when...
例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑着的时候门突然 开了，他老婆走了进来。
(2) was/were about to do sth ... when ...
例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我们刚要动身，天就起头下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在劳累了一天之后我刚刚寝息，德律风铃就响了。
4. seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that从句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看来似乎 每小我都很称心 。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是对的，
(3) There seems to be ...
例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上往 要有一场大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看样子她不克不及来上课了。
5. 表达 “相差……; 增加了……; 增加到……”的句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我们之间相差一岁。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三岁。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他们把价格上涨了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。
6. what 引导的名词性从句
(1) what 引导主语从句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
让我食 惊的是每小我似乎对她都很冷漠 。
[ indifferent adj.不关心 的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引导宾语从句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我们能学会我们不懂的工具。
(3) what 引导表语从句
例：That is what I want.
那恰是我所要的。
(4) what 引导同位语从句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不晓得他们正在议论什么。
7. too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了，不克不及由政治家来决定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家里就十分兴奋 。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿那双鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me.
那篇课文对我来说太难了。
(5) can't … too +描述词 无论……也不为过
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调庇护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
8. where 句型
(1) where 引导的定语从句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.
那就是他往 年住过的房子。
(2) where 引导的状语从句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他将钥匙放在易找到的处所。
I will go where I want to go.
我要往 我想往 的处所。
(3) where 引导的表语从句
例：This is where you are wrong.
那恰是你错的处所。
9. wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 期看 某人如今做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我期看 和你一样强壮。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 期看 某人过往 做某事
例： I wish you had told me earlier
如果你早点告诉我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 期看 某人未来做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我期看 你此次会胜利。
10. would rather 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 甘愿做……而不肯做……
例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她宁可死也不往 变节祖国。
(2) would rather have done sth 甘愿过往 做过某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我甘愿过往 承受他的定见。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 甘愿某人过往 做过某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我实期看 通过上礼拜的测验。
(4) would rather sb did sth 甘愿某人如今或未来做某事
例： Who would you rather went with you?
你甘愿谁和你一路往 ?
11. before 句型
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.
他还有四年时间变结业了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我们飞行了四天四夜才见到陆地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。
(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
还没到两年他们分开了那国度。
12. 强调句型
(1) It is /was +被强调部门+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我今天给我叔叔写信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被强调部门 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你碰见的是你兄弟吗?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊 疑问词 + is/was it that ...
例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你事实如何往 看看 她?
(4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)
例：They do know the place well.
他们确实很熟悉阿谁处所。
13. 用于表达 过往 未实现的期看 和方案的句型
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想给你写信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用过往 未来时态表达 原诡计 做什么)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原诡计 看一场篮球角逐。
高一英语语法常识点讲解高一期间的一些不成错过的英语语法常识点讲解。下面是我给各人整理的高一英语语法，供各人参阅!
高一英语语法：英语可说prevent sb to do sth吗
汉语可说“阻遏某人做某事”，但英语习惯上不克不及说 prevent sb to do sth，遇此情状 可改说 prevent sb (from) doing sth或prevent sb’s doing sth。如：
■我们必然要避免疾病蔓延。
误：We must prevent the disease to spread.
正：We must prevent the disease (from) spreading.
■大雨使他不克不及来。
误：The rain prevented him to come.
正：The rain prevented his (from) coming.
正：The rain prevented his coming.
高一英语语法：sb is easy / difficult to do sth吗
请看下面一题：
“He is _________ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so”
A. easy B. difficult C. possible D. sure
【阐发】此题应选D，其余三项均有可能误选，因为假若单纯从中辞意思来看，其余三个谜底均说得通。但问题是将A、B、C三项填进 空格处均不合英语习惯。按英语习惯，easy 和difficult 后接不定式时，其主语(或逻辑主语)凡是应是 it，而不克不及是详细的人或物，除非那个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如：
我做那工做很随便 。
误：I’m very easy to do the work.
正：It is very easy for me to do the work. (用形式主语 it 做主语)
正：The work is very easy for me to do. (主语为详细的事物，但它与其后不定式有动宾关系，即 to do the work)
我们很难准时赶到那儿。
误：We are very difficult to get there in time.
正：It is very difficult for us to get there in time. (用形式主语 it 做主语)
比力：He is very difficult to work with. 他那小我很难相处。(用详细的人做主语，但它与其后不定式具有动宾关系，即 to work with him)
有时不是用 it 做形式主语，而是用其做形式宾语。如：
We found it easy to do the work. 我们发现做那工做很随便 。
但是不说：We found him easy to do work.
至于，possible 后接不定式时，其主语只能是 it，不克不及是详细的人或事物，即便该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不成以。如：
我们有可能会找到一些更廉价的。
误：We are possible to find some cheaper ones.
误：Some cheaper ones are possible for us to find.
正：It is possible for us to find some cheaper ones.
有时不是用 it 做形式主语，而是用其做形式宾语。如：
We found it possible for him to do the work. 我们发现他可能做那工做。
但不说：We found him possible to do the work.
高一英语语法：英语可说someone is possible to do sth吗
请看下面一题：
I think he is _________ to win, but I’m not sure.
A. possible B. likely C. impossible D. certain
从语意上看，D必定不克不及选;从英语习惯上看，A和C也不克不及选(原因见上一题);此题更佳谜底为B。请再看几例：
He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他可能会晚到一会儿。
It’s likely that he will go abroad. 他可能会出国。
重视 ：固然 possible 和 likely 均可表达 “可能”，但两者的搭配是差别的，即可说 someone is likely to do sth，但不克不及说 someone is possible to do sth。如：
他有可能会同她一道往 。
正：He is likely to go with her.
正：It’s likely that he will go with her.
误：He is possible to go with her.
正：It’s possible that he will go with her.
高一英语语法：是any not仍是not any
请看下面一题：
It is so difficult a problem that _________ student in this class _________ work it out.
A. any, can’t B. no, can C. every, can D. no, can’t
【阐发】此题很随便 误选A，因为从句意上看，选A可将此句理解为“那个问题是如斯之难，那个班任何一组学生都不成能做出来”。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)做为非必定句，它只能呈现在否认词 not 之后，而不克不及在其前，即可说 not any, 但不说 any not。所以准确谜底应选B。又如：
那工做太难了，恐怕谁也干不了。
正：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid no one can do it.
误：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid any one can’t do it.
什么也障碍不了我同她成婚。
正：Nothing can prevent me from marrying her.
误：Anything can’t prevent me from marrying her.
类似地，either (两者中的肆意一个)做为非必定词，它也应呈现在否认词之后，而不克不及呈现在否认词之前。如：
那两兄弟都不伶俐。
正：Neither of the brothers is clever.
误：Either of the brothers is not clever.
高一英语要学哪些语法?高一英语必修一语法要点一． 一般如今时1. 表达 主语如今所处的形态及其所具备的特征、性格、才能等例如：I am a girl.2. 表达 习惯性、经常性的动做例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 标记性的词语Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现二． 如今停止时1． 说话时正在停止的动做例如：I am reading.2.表达 即将发作的动做，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中经常 有时间状语例如：The plane is going to Beijing.3.当句子中呈现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、All the time等例如：I am always thinking of you.三． 倍数比力1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B例如：The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比力级+than+B例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height\depth\+of+B例如：The class is twice the size of that class.四． With的复合构造1． With+宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语根据 逻辑意义的差别能够是差别的词语，如描述词、如今分词、过往 分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合构造中常做状语2.常用构造○1with+宾语+doing表主动与停止例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.○2with+宾语+done表被动与完成例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.○3with+宾语+to do表未来例如：With so many thing to deal with.五． 如今完成停止时如今完成停止时1．根本表达式（I have been doing ） I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2．表达 从过往 某时起头不断继续 到如今的动做，而且还将继续 下往 。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸汗青。（动做还将陆续 下往 ） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我不断在学英语。（动做还将陆续 下往 ） 3．表达 在说话时刻之前到如今正在停止的动做。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，好像在德律风里说的，还会陆续 等) 4．有些如今完成停止时的句子等同的句子。 例如：They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在那个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在那里已经工做五年了。 5．大大都如今完成停止时的句子不等同于如今完成时的句子。 例如：I have been writing a book.（动做还将陆续 下往 ） 我不断在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动做已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们不断在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6．表达 形态的动词不克不及用于如今完成停止时。 例如：I have known him for years. 我熟悉 他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 那类不克不及用于如今完成停止时的动词还有：love爱，like喜好， hate厌恶 ，等。 重视 ：比力过往 时与如今完成时1．过往 时表达 过往 某时发作的动做或单纯论述过往 的工作，强调动做；如今完成时为过往 发作的，强调过往 的工作对如今的影响，强调的是影响。 2．过往 时常与详细的时间状语连用，而如今完成时凡是与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过往 时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 详细的时间状语 配合的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 如今完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3．如今完成时可表达 继续 到如今的动做或形态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过往 时常用的非继续 性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动做发作过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对如今的影响，片子的内容已经晓得了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动做已发作过了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公允合作。） She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是今天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的形态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的形态可继续 ) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前进 团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中若有过往 时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不克不及利用如今完成时，要用过往 时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六．过往 完成时1． 概念：表达 过往 的过往 其构成是had +过往 分词构成。 那时以前 那时 如今 2． 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过往 差别时间发作的两个动做中，发作在先，用过往 完成时；发作在后，用一般过往 时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表达 意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过往 完成时表达 "本来…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3．过往 完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如：He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七．如今完成停止时1．其构成形式如下： I / we / they have been + 动词的如今分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的如今分词 功用如下： 2． 表达 一个在过往 起头而在比来刚刚完毕的动作，如： Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3．表达 一个从过往 起头但仍在停止的动作，如： It has been raining for two hours. (如今还鄙人) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4． 表达 一个从过往 起头延续到如今，能够包罗如今在内的一个阶段内，反复发作的动作，如： She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5． 如今完成时强调动做行为的成果、影响，而如今完成停止时只强调动做行为自己，如： Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 重视 ： 如今完成时有否认构造、而如今完成停止时没有否认构造。 如今完成时态可表达 做完的期间以及已有的体味 、但如今完成停止时不成以 如今完成停止时的否认构造 如今完成停止时有时也可用否认构造。如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发作了那次不幸变乱之后，我不断睡得很欠好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工做过，我和他没有过那许多接触。 6．否认句构成： 主语+has/have+not+been+如今分词 7．一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+如今分词+其他好好勤奋吧！